The limit for lead in consumer paints is 90ppm. The study, published in the journal Environmental Science and Technology, also showed the elements had the potential to leach from enamelled glass fragments, and when subjected to a standard test that simulates rainfall in a landfill site, several fragments exceeded the US Model Toxins in Packaging Legislation and could be defined as "hazardous".
He has previously shown that the paint or enamel on a wide variety of items, including playground equipment, second hand toys and drinking glasses, can feature levels of toxic substances that are potentially harmful to human health. This is just another example of that, and further evidence of harmful elements being unnecessarily used where there are alternatives available. Researchers also think alcohol damages the DNA of a cell itself. One theory is that alcohol does this when it turns into a toxic chemical called acetaldehyde as it breaks down in the body.
Or, that alcohol may trigger the production of more oxygen-containing molecules in the body, which puts stress on cells. Alcohol may also make it harder for the body to process and use certain vitamins and nutrients that may help prevent cancer. Research suggests that alcohol may increase the amount of estrogen in the body, increasing the risk of breast cancer.
For most types of cancer, research shows that the more alcohol a person drinks, the greater the risk. Dietary Guidelines for Americans , from the U. Department of Agriculture and the U. For reasons other than cancer risk, the agencies recommend that some avoid alcohol altogether, including pregnant women, people younger than 21 and those with certain medical conditions.
The type of alcohol in the alcoholic drinks we drink is a chemical called ethanol. To make alcohol, you need to put grains, fruits or vegetables through a process called fermentation when yeast or bacteria react with the sugars in food - the by-products are ethanol and carbon dioxide. Wine and cider are made by fermenting fruit, while fermented cereals such as barley and rye form the basis of beer and spirits.
Spirits also go through a process called distillation — where a proportion of the water is removed, leaving a stronger concentration of alcohol and flavour. Drinking alcohol in excess can put you at risk of a number of short and long term health harms. For example, consuming too much alcohol in a short span of time could put you at risk of alcohol poisoning.
In the long term, drinking too much too often can increase your risk of developing different forms of cancer and other serious health problems.
Should pregnant women drink alcohol? Nightcap 'good for older women'. Cancer 'fuelled by extra drinks'. Drink blamed for oral cancer rise. BBC Health: Alcohol. Institute of Alcohol Studies. Cancer Research UK. Alcohol is undoubtedly a public health issue too. Did you know? There are 16g of alcohol in a ml glass of red or white wine. Published 12 June Published 7 September Published 8 April
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